Yes but she must be otherwise eligible to act as your sponsor.

Yes this would likely fall under the category.

It depends on many factors but not automatically. Consult with an attorney for review of your case.

Yes under the F2B visa category. Check the visa bulletin for more.

Without actual basis for expedite, very difficult to make this request.

Best to have a legal guardian attend with applicant.

Once you have paid the NVC fees, the child should be okay.

Best to consult with an attorney for guidance. Good luck!

You could refile the I130 as an alternative but I824 may be faster.

Yes a valid passport is sufficient for travel.