No this is unfortunately not an option.

No there is no fee for renewal of EAD.

Yes you may provide your old passport as proof of previous name.

You should be okay given date of filing and your age being preserved.

Just wet signatures are required, no notary is needed.

It varies depending on USCIS office but generally a few weeks or months.

No this shouldn’t create an issues given your status.

Best to work with an attorney based on the nature of your inquiry.

Yes it is best to provide all details about employment with explanation of any gaps.

I agree with my colleagues re: A12.