You can actually hire an attorney in Maryland to assist you with your claim. Only if litigation were necessary would you need to hire a NM attorney.
The answer is yes, it can be covered, but I would predict that the insurance company would contest the claim for failure to timely report of the claim. Only a thorough review of the facts and medical records would allow for a better analysis. But, yes, the claim could be covered (provided filed within two years of the date of accident).
Unfortunately, if you are unable to return to your previous employer, they may be able to terminate your health insurance. Depending on a number of factors, COBRA continuation of health insurance may be available to you, but it is expensive. There are some ways through your workers compensation claim that a lawyer would be able to assist you understanding other options you would have.
How much compensation you should receive depends upon a variety of factors including, but not limited to, the amount of your medical bills, pain, suffering, diagnostic testing, lost wages and permanent nature of any injury. Unfortunately, it is not simply these factors, but the manner in which they are presented to the insurance carrier which often determines the value of your claim. In addition, the insurance adjuster will know that you don't really know the answer to the question you just...
The answer is that it is possible that you have a case but an attorney would need additional information. There is no such claim as "negligent infliction of emotional distress" in Maryland, but there are other claims that could be viable in your situation. You would need to contact an experienced attorney to discuss the case further.
It depends on the type of disability you are receiving. If it is workers compensation, then they may have obligations under the law including accommodations or vocational rehabilitation. The answer may also depend on whether you have filed for FMLA.
Actually, if your father in law resides in Maryland and was hired in Maryland, he may hire a Maryland attorney even if the injury occurred in Pennsylvania. He may have a workers' compensation claim and a separate negligence claim.