You do not need a foreign passport to apply for US citizenship. You will, however, need a copy of your legal permanent resident card to show your eligibility to apply for citizenship. With that said, it is always a good idea to have a foreign passport and/or a copy of a birth certificate when dealing with immigration matters.
Technically, you don't have to have it. However, Form N-400 asks questions about every trip that you made outside the US during the preceding 5 years, dates and locations. Your passport is usually the best way to obtain this information.
The Immigration Officer may always ask to see your passport at the N-400 interview and may inquire as to why you do not have it. It may raise red flags.