Hasn't paid taxes in 15 years, but paid in the past--eligible for social security/medicare?

Not everyone is required to file income taxes. For example, a married couple both under age 65 generally is not required to file until their joint income reaches $17,900. A single individual over 65, would not have taxable income unless it was over $10,050 for 2009. Everyone has a personal exemption, ($3650 for 2009) and a standard deduction ($5150) plus $1,250 if the individual is over 65. Check with a tax preparer to see if any filings were required for past years. Check with the local Social Security Office to see if he/she qualifies for benefits. They should be able to look up records under the Social Security number.